1. Graham v. Connor 1989 — This is the essential use of force rubric in the country.3. Terry v. Ohio
— Established the legality of so-called “Stop & Frisk” searches. 4. Plakas v. Drinski
— No constitutional duty to use lesser force when deadly force is authorized. 6. Thompson v. Hubbard
2001 — Case where suspect appeared to be drawing a gun and no gun found. 7. Smith v. Freland
2000 — Examined policy violation but no violation of Constitutional law. 8. Bush v. City of Tallahassee — Addresses excessive force applied through Graham.
12. Brown v. United States — The original (1921) Graham v. Connor style decision.
15. Powpow v. Margate — Addresses shooting an innocent person (training).
18. Kinney v. Indiana
1991 - public interest in preventing dangerous individuals from escaping into the community 19. Menuel v. City of Atlanta 1994 Addresses a potential arrestee who is neither physically subdued nor compliantly yielding.
1-15 Provided by: Paul Marik
Article: The True North of Policing
URL Source: PoliceOne.com